A Marine surveyor (including "Yacht & Small Craft Surveyor", "Hull & Machinery Surveyor" and/or "Cargo Surveyor") is a person who conducts inspections, surveys or examinations of marine vessels to assess, monitor and report on their condition and the products on them, as well as inspects damage caused to both vessels and cargo. Marine surveyors also inspect equipment intended for new or existing vessels to ensure compliance with various standards or specifications. Marine surveys typically include the structure, machinery and equipment (navigational, safety, radio, etc.) and general condition of a vessel and/or cargo. It also includes judging materials on board and their condition. Because certifications and subsequently payments are processed only after the surveyor has expressed his or her satisfaction, a marine surveyor holds a prestigious position and is held with much regard in the shipbuilding industry. Marine Surveyors are highly qualified and technically sound and are usually selected after thorough evaluation procedures as vessels ranging from small ferries to enormous crude oil carriers and cruise liners are approved to sail into the high seas based purely on their judgement,competence and integrity.
Marine surveying is often closely associated with marine insurance, damage and salvage, accident and fraud investigation as insurers generally lack the training and skills required to perform a detailed assessment of the condition of a vessel. While marine surveyors are sometimes employed by insurers directly they maintain a certain professional autonomy in order to provide an unbiased view. Independent marine surveyors are often employed by the clients of marine insurers to provide evidence in support of damage claims made against the insurer. Insurance companies cannot require customers to use specific marine surveyors (although they often provide a list of recommended or pre-approved marine surveyors who are known to them).
a) Collision Damaged Survey
b) Hull & Structural Damage Survey
c) Machinery Damaged Survey
d) Grounding & Dry Docking Repair Survey
e) Condition & Pre-purchase Survey
f) Bunker Survey
g) Valuation of Ships/Barges/Tugs & Machinery
h) Towing & Lashing Survey
i) Draft Survey
j) Cargo Hatch & Cargo Tank Suitability Cleanliness Survey
k) Vessels Laid-up & De-Mobilisation Inspection
INSURANCE
a) All types of Cargo Survey (Marine & Aviation)
b) Pre-Shipment Cargo Survey
c) Heavy WEather Cargo Damaged Survey
d) Cargo Contamination Investigation & Survey
e) Cargo Shortage Investigation
f) Stowage & Lashing Survey
g) Machinery Damaged Claim Assessment
h) Hull & Structure Damaged Survey & Assessment
i) Collision Survey & Adjustment of Repair Costs
j) Grounding & Salvage Operation & Adjustment
k) General Average Survey
l) Public Liability & Contact Damaged Survey
m) Crew & Personnel Injury Investigation
n) Average Survey & Recovery Agent
MAJOR PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN
a) Ship to Ship (STS) Transfer of bulk oil
b) VLCC crude oil supervision of loading/unloading
(inclusive of COW & IGS supervision)
c) Oil Field Rigs & Equipment Mobilisaton and De-Mobilisation including stowage &
lashing supervision
d) Supervision & operation of semi-submersible barges for Heavy Lifts loading/unloading
e) Superintending of New Building/Conversion & Major Repair
f) Sea Trail & Delivery of Vessels
Pre-Purchase and Full Condition Surveys are a pre-requisite to the outright purchase of a pre-owned ship, vessel or boat. Pinpointing previous repairs, construction faults, lack of maintenance among others. Your surveyor can save you from sleepless nights and unpleasant nightmares …… not to mention hard-earned money. We offer a Professional Consultancy Service and we carry out Surveys on all types of materials to the IIMS code of practice.
Pre-Purchase and Full Condition Surveys
The prospective owner requires the surveyor to thoroughly inspect the vessel, her machinery, rig, service systems and equipment, to find, as far as practical, her condition, quality and any faults. In both cases the findings are recorded in a clear and detailed report along with recommendations for the rectification of defects and a conclusion giving an overview of the state of the vessel in relation to its age and the significance of the defects found. In the case of the pre-purchase survey the report is particularly comprehensive giving the purchaser a sound basis for making the decision whether to buy or not and for carrying out possible further negotiations with the vendor.
These surveys should include, where possible, a full out of water inspection, to assess the structural integrity and water-tightness of the hull, rudder and stern gear. This will also include the condition of the cathodic protection, and an examination of the machinery (non-invasive), propulsion, fuel, electrical, gas, sewage, water and other service systems. A sea trial may be conducted, where practical. (See: Scope of Survey) The nautical items, appearance, and an assessment of the overall level of maintenance, general condition, structural and mechanical integrity of the vessel will be considered.
A typical Pre-Purchase Condition Survey Report is based on the day the craft was inspected NOT the day the report was written or issued. Inspection will probably take one day. It is unlikely that it will take less time, even for smaller boats. It is possible that a vessel with complex systems or larger ships will take longer.
The normal Marine Survey for Pre-Purchase, Insurance, Mortgage, Leasing or other reasons carried out by Mark Dorrington-Niblett and Associates provides an opinion only on the structural and mechanical condition of the vessel and applies to all reasonably visible aspects of the vessel, her rig, machinery, service systems and her equipment as presented to Mark Dorrington-Niblett and Associates. It should be noted however, that unless a hull has been completely shot blasted or cleaned back to the bare gel-coat, wood or steel as appropriate prior to the survey, Mark Dorrington-Niblett and Associates cannot confirm the detailed condition of the hull surface and any conclusions will therefore be based on the evidence of the sample areas examined.
The Survey does not provide an opinion on the condition of those parts of the vessel which are covered, unexposed or inaccessible nor on areas or in spaces not presented visible, for example behind linings, beneath fixed cabin soles or floors etc. unless these are accessible through normally portable or readily accessible locker lids, hatch covers, traps or similar access points.
Machinery installations, auxiliary and ancillary equipment, gas, and other service systems, electronic equipment, pumping and plumbing, sanitation system, navigational aids and other sundry items will be visually inspected only.
Any estimates of value given will be arrived at by studying the average current market value of similar vessels and adjusting this figure to reflect the condition of the vessel at the time of survey. The mast and rigging, when stepped, shall be inspected to ‘head height’ only. We cannot inspect woodwork or other parts of the structure which are covered, unexposed or inaccessible and we are, therefore, unable to report that any such part of the structure is free from defect.
The On and Off Hire Condition Survey is usually carried out in conjunction with a bunker survey.
The condition survey is performed with the purpose of inspecting and recording the current condition of the loading gear, cargo holds and hatches of the vessel.
International Marine Survey inspectors will provide you with documented independent proof of the actual condition of the vessel you are chartering or using.
The findings and the report that International Marine Survey inspectors provide can be used to substantiate claims that may arise as a result of damage to the vessel or cargo.
The On Hire and Off Hire condition and bunker survey is just one the many commercial inspections that International Marine Survey can carry out on your behalf to give you financial protection and peace of mind you need when shipping cargo.
Damage Surveys are usually required by an insurance company to assess the extent of damage to a vessel resulting from an accident. The surveyor will carry out a thorough examination and report on the resulting condition of the vessel, the probable cause of the damage, recommended repairs, and an estimate of the cost of such repairs. This will require liaising with the client, boat yards or repairers and transportation specialists.
It should be noted that insurance companies expect immediate reporting of accidents / incidents, and speedy damage assessment and reporting by a surveyor. Every effort should also be made to minimise further damage or deterioration of the vessel following the incident. Machinery should protected internally from further corrosion after immersion. Electrical or Electronic accessories should be removed or salvaged where this is feasible.
A Pre-purchase or Full Condition Survey starts with the inspection of the ship's papers and the general identification of the vessel against her registration documents. The Surveyor then starts to inspect the vessel in the following order.
1. Hull Survey
Hull Numbers (H.I.N. = Hull Identification Number)
Internal Hull Inspection
Bilges. We check for:
Sawdust, Debris, Water and Oil or Fuel
Stop Cocks, Sea Strainers and Limber Holes
Bulkheads
Stringers and Bottom Strakes
Hull Bottom and Sides
Hull to Deck Seam (where visible)
Termites & other pests
Decks
Frames
Internal Structural Materials
Cored Hulls. We check for:
Balsa
Foam Cores
Bulkhead Installation with Foam Cores
Water Ingress (Moisture content)
Other Core Types
Vessel Ashore Inspection
Underwater parts of the Hull:
Sighting the Hull
The Keel
The Running Gear: Shafts, Propellers, P brackets, Cutlass Bearings, Rudders
Stern Drives
Cathodic Protection (Anodes) Skin Fittings
The Hull to Deck Joint
Condition and attachment of bathing platforms, flaps (trim tabs), ladders etc.
Blisters, previous repairs are noted and the moisture content is tested
Stress cracks and surface irregularities
Stress cracking on the undersides
De-lamination
Weak panel flexing
Hinge Effect (Hogging)
Hard spots
Parallel stress cracks
Topsides of the Hull:
Star-burst cracks and Wicking
Gel Coat Break-Outs
Cracking on Hull Sides
Cracking on Decks and Superstructures
Surface Irregularities
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2. Decks & 3. Superstructure
Deck to Superstructure Joints
Decks
Non-Slip finishes
Drying and lifting of caulking (on Teak decks)
General condition of the planking
De-lamination of Core materials and check for Clicking on Coach Roofs
Drainage Scuppers
Openings and Plastic Hatches
Doors
Access Hatches
Openings
Sliding Windows and their Seals
Port-lights
Water-tightness
Cockpit
Lazarette openings
Engine room access hatches
Ladders to Flybridge
Self Draining scuppers
Tuna Towers
Tenders
Pulpits
Pushpits
Davits
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4. Drive Train /Propulsion
Visual inspection only of:
Main Engines
Generators
Engine Mounts
Struts
Strut Bolts
Shafts
Stuffing Boxes / Packing Glands
Rudder Stocks
Cooling Systems
Gasket Leaks
Exhaust Risers
Carburettors
Exhaust Emissions (visual check)
Carbon Monoxide Hazards
Ventilation systems in the engine room
Hydraulic Reduction Drives
V Drive Installations
Lubricating Oils for cleanliness and levels
Coolant condition and levels
V belt condition
Oil Analysis is not systematically included in the report and instructions should be given to the surveyor prior to his visit should you require this test. It should be noted that engines have to have run at least 50 hours on the lubricating oil for the results of the analysis to be indicative of the engine's condition and state of tune. Analysis after recent oil changes, prior to winterizing, for example, will not give a true picture of engine condition.
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5. Exhaust Systems
Fibre-glass Pipe
Exhaust Hose
Stainless Steel
Cast Iron
Aluminium
Copper Exhausts / Silencers
Tubular mufflers
Water Lift Mufflers
Bottle Mufflers
Back Pressure
Exhaust Risers: Lagged Risers, Water-jacketed Risers and Jacketed Down-sweep Risers
Petrol Engine Risers and Elbows
Stainless Steel Risers
Large System Mounting
System Installation
Generator Exhaust Systems
Carbon Monoxide Hazards
Back Surge Protection
Flappers and non return valves
Underwater Exhausts
Hull Side Exhausts
Transom Attachments
Hose Clamps
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6. Fuel Systems
Fuel Tanks:
Aluminium Tanks
Foamed Tank Installations
Deck Mounted Aluminium
Iron Tanks
Mild Steel Tanks
Stainless Steel
Metallic Tank Mountings
Systems and Materials:
Fuel Lines
Copper Tubing
Fuel Hose
Fuel Tank Senders
General Routing
Valves
Electric Fuel Pumps
Fuel Fill Systems
Tank Vents
Large Systems with Multiple Bunkers and Day Tanks
Fuel Transfer Systems
Filters
Decanters
Centrifugal Separators
MARPOL systems
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7.Electrical Installations
Connections
Wiring Looms
condition of Terminals and Clear Labelling
Trip Switches
Shore Lines
Security systems
Stray Current / Galvanic Corrosion Problems
Clean & Dry Environment
Proper Securing
Wire Splices
Steel Junction Boxes
Conduits and Trunking
Corrosion
Bilge Water
Shore Grounding
Galvanic Isolators
Line Voltage Drop
Circuit Breakers
Main Panel Boxes
Power Supply Protection
Sub Circuits
AC Generators
Generator Output
Battery Charger Output
Service Outlets
DC Systems:
Batteries
Battery Location
Adequate Battery Capacity
Battery Charging
Battery Testing
Terminals
In-Line Fuses
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8. Plumbing Systems
System Types
Health Hazards
System Materials:
PVC Piping
Copper Pipe
Brass
Bronze
Stainless Steel
Aluminium
Iron and Steel
Marine Hose
Hose Failures
Marine Sanitation Systems (MSD):
Macerator Pump Systems
Reverse Siphoning
System installation
Valve Operation
Black water tanks
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9. Sea Water Systems
Design
Check Valves
Strainers
Valves
Plastic Valves
Plastic Through-Hull Skin Fittings
Air conditioning
Bait Wells
Plastic Transducers
Plastic Pipe Fittings
Fresh Water Systems
Aluminium Tanks
Stainless Steel Tanks
Mild Steel Tanks
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10. Bilge Pumping
DC Pumping
AC Pumping
Engine Driven Pumping
Number of Pumps
Primary Service Pump
Stern Pump
Forward Pumps
Backup Pumps
Float Switches
Idiot Lights
High Water Alarms
Capacity ratings
Riser Loops (Goose Necks)
Emergency Pumps
Fire Pumps
Clarinettes
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11. EQUIPMENT
Navigation Compass
Echo Sounder
Speedo/Log
GPS
Radar
Plotter
Auto-Pilot
VHF
GMDSS
BLU
Navtex
Satellite Telephone and Fax
Others
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12.ON DECK EQUIPMENT
Anchor Winches
Anchors
Chains
Hawse Pipes
Cleats
Aft Deck Winches
Windshield Wipers
Windshield Washers
Horns
Spotlights
Deck-lights
Davits
Gangplanks
Ladders
Swim Ladders
Deck Wash
Fire Fighting Equipment
Sun Covers
Screen Covers
Camper Hoods
Winter Hoods
Fly Bridge Protection Covers
Sun Mattresses
Canvas
13. FIRE FIGHTING
Fire Extinguishers
Remote pulls
Engine Room Ventilation Shut Down Flaps
Smoke Detectors
Fire Pumps
Fire Hoses
Fire Fighting Equipment
Suits
Axes
Others
To Top
14. LIFE SAVING
Life Rafts
Hydrostatic Releases
Life Jackets
Flares
Sea Survival Suits
Floating Lights
Torches
Others
To Top
15. GAS INSTALLATIONS
Gas Bottles Installation
Positioning
Condition of Visible Flexible Hose and Connections
Ventilation of Storage Compartment
16. DESCRIPTION OF LAYOUT
A description of the interior layout of the vessel from stem to stern and from top to bottom, reporting on the general condition of Furniture and Soft Furnishings.
17. SEA TRIALS
We pay particular attention to the following:
Vessel Speed
Handling Characteristics
Main Engines
Engine Performance
Engine Instruments
Back Down Test
Shaft Run-out
System Vibration
Helm Response
Auto-Pilots
We also test:
Anchor winch operation
Stabilisers
VHF Operation
Trim Tabs
Additional tests not included in the standard survey can be made for tenders, jet skis etc.
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18 & 19 CONCLUSION and VALUATION
Pen ultimately the survey closes with a conclusion along the following lines: "The Vessel we have visited is Satisfactory, Requires minor Cosmetic Repairs, Requires a Rebuild, Should be put ashore for Safety Reasons … ".
Ultimately the survey states the all important "VALUE" in U.S. Dollars, Euros or Pounds Sterling. We Consider the Total Loss and Fair Market Value of the Vessel as inspected, bearing in mind:
Current Market Value
Oddballs and Custom Yachts
Comparing the Comparable
Original Cost and Replacement at New Cost
Extra Equipment
Repair Costs
Geographical Considerations
20. Recommendations and Explanations
Wherever possible throughout the survey the Surveyor will endeavour to propose a recommendation for repair work he feels necessary or points of improvement.
CD COSMETIC DEFECTS
DD DETERIORATION DEFECTS (defects that in the long run, if not rectified, could affect the safety of the ship)
IP IMPROVEMENT POINTS (suggested improvements and/or modifications)
MD MECHANICAL DEFECTS (Items which require replacement, servicing or attention)
RI REPLACEMENT ITEMS (Items which have failed or are in such condition for replacement)
The Load Compartment Inspection (LCI) is a recommended survey that will help you determine whether the holds of a ship are suitable for the intended cargo.
Our team of experienced and trained inspectors understand the inherent risks associated with marine transportation and will work to ensure the risk of damages at this stage of the logistics chain are minimised. Whether that be checking that the holds are visually clean and dry or performing chemical tests to identify the presence of corrosive Chlorides, we will identify the issues and work with the Owners and crew to resolve them.
During the course of the LCI we will also examine the hatch seals for watertightness and any defects that may jeopardise the watertight integrity of the holds.
The watertightness of the holds will normally be checked by Hose Test and / or Ultrasonic Leak Detection (ULD) test for final verification.
A vessel’s first impressions can be misleading and an owners reputation or a vessels newness are no guarantee of a clean bill of health. If in doubt, be sure to check. In comparison to a potential claim, this particular survey is an inexpensive safeguard.
Whether you are conducting regular maintenance, hot work, cold work or construction within tanks, lines, barges or vessels, the safety of your infrastructure and personnel is of paramount importance.
International Marine Survey Ltd provides expert gas free inspections to allow your staff to operate in a safe environment, ensuring that the status of all enclosed spaces is properly assessed and monitored, enabling the issue of a permit-to-work as part of standard safety procedures.
We manage all aspects of the final analytical testing and certification of the tank atmospheres to determine that these have been purged or gas-freed to the required specifications.
Types of surveys undertaken: Breakbulk and Bulk Cargoes, Commercial Hull Condition, Containers, Draught Surveys, General and Container Cargoes, Machinery (condition and damage), Marine Insurance Claims (cargo), Marine Insurance Claims (hull), Marine Insurance Claims (machinery), Oil and Chemicals, P and I Club Surveys (cargo), P and I Club Surveys (hull), P and I Club Surveys (machinery), Salvage and Towing, Steel and Alloy
Consultancy services: Marine survey and damage investigation.
Marine & Cargo Surveys
General Cargo Damage
Pre-shipment
Quantity and Quality
Cargo Damage (Bulk, Oil, Liquid)
Cargo Contamination (Bulk, Oil, Liquid)
Cargo Shortages (Bulk, Oil, Liquid)
Warehousing
Cargo loading / discharging supervision
Petroleum Surveys
Cargo Sampling
Loading and discharging
- Petroleum Products
- Crude Oil
- Chemical
- LPG
Hull & Machinery Surveys
Damage of:
- Collision
- Engine and Machinery
- Grounding
- Heavy weather
- Structural
Protection & Indemnity Surveys
Liabilities in respect of:
- Cargo
- Collisions
- Grounding
- Wrecks
- Pollution
Marine Technical Surveys
Bunker
Lashing
Towing Lashing
Pre-purchase
On / Off Hire
Condition
Vessel Suitability
New Building / Repair Supervision
Consultancy Services
A Draft Survey is a means of determining the weight of cargo loaded into or discharged from a vessel.
The draft survey measures the displacement of the vessel before and after cargo operations, with the resulting difference between the arrival and departure displacements representing the weight of the cargo.
In order to ensure the utmost accuracy, International Marine Survey personnel scrutinise several key variables, including:
Water density within the dock, river or waterway
Changes in the ballast condition
Changes in the vessels consumables e.g fuel oil, drinking water, waste and slops.
Trim corrections using the vessels hydrostatic data to account for her position in the water
The performance of an accurate Draft Survey is a skilled operation and should only be carried out by experienced professionals. Numerous external factors can effect the precision of the weight determined, from the sea conditions down to the clarity of the markings on the ships hull.
The raw data is then processed through a complex set of calculations and compiled into a draft survey report which you may use as a basis for certificating the quantity of cargo.
Being prone to deterioration following an ingress of moisture, fertilisers should be stored as soon as possible but with fluctuations in market values, we understand that product may end up being placed into longer term storage. It is therefore imperative that proper inspection be carried out to ensure that your commodity is shipped, received and stored in prime condition and that losses are reduced every step of the way.
Our team of experienced surveyors are able to identify and in many cases eliminate the majority of causes for lost, agglomerated and distressed fertiliser consignments depending on what stage of the operations we are called in.
Services available to you include:
Load Compartment Inspections
Vehicle Control and Cargo Tally Verification
Draft Survey Weight Determination
Loss Prevention
Load / Discharge Supervision with Real-time Field Reports
Sampling and Granulometry
Sample Dispatch
Laboratory Analysis
International Marine Survey Ltd has a reputation for accuracy and integrity and you can trust us to represent your best interests even if you cannot be at the load port or discharge port to meet your cargo.
A bunker survey is usually carried out in conjunction with the On Hire or Off Hire Condition Survey.
The purpose of the survey is to establish the quantities of fuel and lubrication oils onboard the vessel. This is of vital importance when chartering a vessel as it provides documented proof of the true condition of the vessel’s fuel supplies at a given point in time and prevents later claims and disputes.
In this way the Bunker Survey provides a valuable means of protecting your investment and avoiding disputes.
Load Superintendency/loading supervision survey
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